你了解開閉所嗎？發布時間：2016-05-18 10:36:51

開閉所，是將高(gao)壓(ya)電(dian)(dian)力(li)分別(bie)向周圍的(de)(de)幾個用電(dian)(dian)單位供電(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)力(li)設施，位于電(dian)(dian)力(li)系統中(zhong)變電(dian)(dian)站的(de)(de)下一級。

開閉所的用途(tu)如(ru)下：

其特征(zheng)是(shi)(shi)電源進線側和出線側的電壓相同。當然，區(qu)域變電站也具有開(kai)閉所的功能。但需明確的是(shi)(shi)，開(kai)閉所是(shi)(shi)區(qu)別于(yu)變電站而言的。

開(kai)閉所(suo)(suo)也指用于(yu)接受電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)并分(fen)(fen)配(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)的(de)(de)供配(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)設施，高壓(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)網中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)稱為開(kai)關站(zhan)。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)壓(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)網中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)開(kai)閉所(suo)(suo)一般(ban)用于(yu)10kV電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)的(de)(de)接受與(yu)分(fen)(fen)配(pei)(pei)。設有中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)壓(ya)(ya)配(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)進(jin)出(chu)(chu)線(xian)、對功(gong)率進(jin)行再分(fen)(fen)配(pei)(pei)的(de)(de)配(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)裝置。相當于(yu)變電(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)母線(xian)的(de)(de)延伸，可用于(yu)解決變電(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)進(jin)出(chu)(chu)線(xian)間(jian)隔有限或進(jin)出(chu)(chu)線(xian)走廊受限，并在區域中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)起到電(dian)(dian)(dian)源支撐的(de)(de)作用。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)壓(ya)(ya)開(kai)關站(zhan)必要時可與(yu)配(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)室合建。

開閉所一般兩進多出（常用4~6出），只(zhi)是根據不同的(de)要求，進出可(ke)以設置(zhi)斷路器、負荷開關。

開閉(bi)所的組(zu)成結(jie)構如下(xia)：

AT牽引網輔助分區所（SSP）的典型結(jie)構見下圖(tu)。圖(tu)中，T為(wei)(wei)(wei)接(jie)觸網；F為(wei)(wei)(wei)正饋線，PW為(wei)(wei)(wei)與鋼軌(gui)并聯的保護線（protection wire）；B為(wei)(wei)(wei)斷路器；SD為(wei)(wei)(wei)保安接(jie)地器；LA為(wei)(wei)(wei)避雷器；OT

為控制回路電源；PT為電壓互感器(qi)(qi)；AT為自耦變壓器(qi)(qi)。保(bao)護(hu)線(xian)的作(zuo)用是當接觸網(wang)或正饋線(xian)絕緣子發生閃(shan)絡接地(di)時，可與保(bao)護(hu)線(xian)形成(cheng)金屬性短路，便于(yu)斷(duan)電保(bao)護(hu)動作(zuo)。

在(zai)綜合防災規劃圖(tu)中(zhong)(zhong)，作為(wei)一項重要保護點，需要在(zai)圖(tu)中(zhong)(zhong)表(biao)示出來

開閉所的(de)應用領(ling)域有：

在(zai)鐵(tie)路(lu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力系統中(zhong)，開閉所（sub-section post）牽引網有(you)(you)分支引出時，為保(bao)證不影響電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力牽引安全可(ke)靠(kao)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)而設的(de)帶保(bao)護跳閘斷路(lu)器等設施(shi)的(de)控制(zhi)場(chang)所。多設于樞紐站、編組場(chang)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力機務段和折返段等處。在(zai)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)分區范(fan)圍較大的(de)復線AT牽引網中(zhong)，有(you)(you)時為了進(jin)一步縮小接觸網事故停電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)范(fan)圍和降低(di)牽引網電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓損失(shi)和電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能損失(shi)，也(ye)可(ke)在(zai)分區所與(yu)牽引變(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)所之間增設開閉所，也(ye)稱輔(fu)助分區所（subsectioning post）。

鐵(tie)路(lu)開(kai)閉(bi)所的主要設備是斷路(lu)器。電源進線(xian)一般設兩回，復線(xian)時(shi)可由上、下(xia)行牽引(yin)網各引(yin)一回，出(chu)(chu)線(xian)則按需要設置(zhi)。當出(chu)(chu)線(xian)數量較多時(shi)，也可將開(kai)閉(bi)所母線(xian)實(shi)行分段。單線(xian)時(shi)如就近無法獲得第(di)二電源，也可只引(yin)一回電源。