開閉所、配電房、變電所、變壓站的區別你知道嗎？發布時間：2016-05-18 10:39:29

開閉所(suo)、配電房(fang)、變電所(suo)、變壓站有區別嗎(ma)？ 

1.：是全金屬密閉，能夠在室外(wai)運行的10KV電壓等級(ji)以下的開關柜組合(he)；

2.配(pei)電(dian)房：電(dian)壓等級(ji)在35KV等級(ji)以下，內部(bu)安裝(zhuang)有開關、互感器、電(dian)容(rong)器以及相關的保(bao)護(hu)測(ce)量裝(zhuang)置； 

3.變(bian)電所：一般(ban)指電壓等級(ji)在(zai)110KV以下的(de)降壓變(bian)電站； 

4.變電站：各種電壓等(deng)級的升(sheng)壓、降壓變電站。 上述四個(ge)名稱，一個(ge)比一個(ge)大。 

開閉所—sub-feeder switching post：指不進行電壓(ya)變(bian)換而用開關(guan)設備實現電路(lu)開閉的(de)配電所。      

位置：設在(zai)車站、貨場附(fu)近(jin)、電力機務段(duan)、樞紐站等大宗負荷處。 

作用(yong)：將供電(dian)臂分段(duan)，事故(gu)時縮小(xiao)(xiao)事故(gu)范圍，提(ti)高(gao)供電(dian)的可靠性(xing)、靈活(huo)性(xing)；減少變電(dian)所的復雜性(xing)；不改(gai)變電(dian)壓大小(xiao)(xiao)，只擴大饋線回路數，相當于配(pei)電(dian)所。  

分(fen)區亭（SP，分(fen)區所）—section post：設(she)置于兩個牽引變電所的(de)中間，可使兩相鄰的(de)接(jie)觸網供電區段實現并聯(lian)或單(dan)獨(du)工作(zuo)。 

位置：設在(zai)兩個(ge)牽引變電所中間，增加供電的靈活(huo)性、可靠性       

作用：分相；越區供電；縮小事故的范圍。

箱(xiang)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)：箱(xiang)式變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)， 一般是把(ba)高壓(ya)(ya)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)成(cheng)低(di)壓(ya)(ya)，例如把(ba)10kv的(de)(de)線路經(jing)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)成(cheng)380v的(de)(de)工(gong)作用電壓(ya)(ya)。 臨(lin)時(shi)(shi)箱(xiang)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)：臨(lin)時(shi)(shi)用的(de)(de)就是臨(lin)時(shi)(shi)箱(xiang)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)么，比(bi)如某工(gong)地(di)的(de)(de)臨(lin)時(shi)(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)，將來要拆(chai)除的(de)(de)，不(bu)做永(yong)久(jiu)保留使用的(de)(de)； 

配電(dian)房(fang)：蓋個房(fang)子，把變壓器放進去，還有進出(chu)線柜之類的，就成配電(dian)房(fang)（室）了，(*^__^*) ； 

規模較大的(de)，多臺變壓(ya)器(qi)、高壓(ya)柜、低壓(ya)柜等等各種，完成變壓(ya)、分配(pei)電能的(de)一個獨立場所，或(huo)建筑(zhu)物(wu)內(nei)的(de)一個區域內(nei)。  

開閉所(suo)一(yi)般2路電(dian)(dian)源，轉供容量(liang)8000KW左右，向地塊(kuai)或區域的變配電(dian)(dian)室提供中壓(ya)電(dian)(dian)源。變電(dian)(dian)所(suo)顧(gu)名思義(yi)就是(shi)變電(dian)(dian)，主要(yao)是(shi)中壓(ya)變壓(ya)提供低(di)壓(ya)電(dian)(dian)源。 

變(bian)電(dian)站(zhan)也是(shi)(shi)變(bian)電(dian)，但(dan)主要(yao)是(shi)(shi)高(gao)壓變(bian)電(dian)中壓，或高(gao)壓變(bian)電(dian)低一級高(gao)壓，變(bian)電(dian)站(zhan)占地較大，根

據不同電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)等級及容量(liang)不同占地不同。變、配(pei)電(dian)(dian)所(suo)主要(yao)指小(xiao)區(qu)或(huo)大(da)樓等的變配(pei)電(dian)(dian)間，變電(dian)(dian)所(suo)帶(dai)變壓(ya)器，配(pei)電(dian)(dian)所(suo)應不帶(dai)變壓(ya)器。配(pei)電(dian)(dian)箱如照明、動力配(pei)電(dian)(dian)箱等，配(pei)電(dian)(dian)最后幾級。 

配電(dian)箱 switch box；distribution box 按電(dian)氣接(jie)線要求將開關設備、測量(liang)儀表、保護電(dian)器和

輔助(zhu)設備組(zu)裝在封(feng)閉或(huo)半封(feng)閉金屬(shu)柜中或(huo)屏幅上(shang)，構成低(di)壓配電(dian)(dian)裝置(zhi)。正常(chang)運行(xing)時可(ke)借助(zhu)手動(dong)(dong)或(huo)自(zi)動(dong)(dong)開關接通(tong)或(huo)分斷電(dian)(dian)路。故(gu)障或(huo)不正常(chang)運行(xing)時借助(zhu)保(bao)護電(dian)(dian)器切(qie)斷電(dian)(dian)路或(huo)報警。借測(ce)量儀(yi)表(biao)可(ke)顯示(shi)運行(xing)中的各種(zhong)參數，還可(ke)對某些電(dian)(dian)氣參數進(jin)行(xing)調整，對偏離正常(chang)工作狀態進(jin)行(xing)提示(shi)或(huo)發出信號(hao)。常(chang)用于各發、配、變(bian)電(dian)(dian)所中。   

什么是配(pei)電箱？   

是(shi)所有用(yong)戶用(yong)電(dian)的總(zong)的一個電(dian)路分配箱，用(yong)途是(shi)什么？   

便于管(guan)理,當發生電路故障時有利(li)于檢修.   

配電箱(xiang)和配電柜、配電盤、配電憑等(deng)(deng)，是集中安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)開關、儀表等(deng)(deng)設備的(de)(de)成(cheng)套裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置。   常用(yong)的(de)(de)配電箱(xiang)有木制(zhi)和鐵(tie)板制(zhi)兩種，現在哪兒的(de)(de)用(yong)電量都挺大的(de)(de)，所以還是鐵(tie)的(de)(de)用(yong)的(de)(de)比較多。   

用(yong)途：停(ting)、送電(dian)，起到(dao)計量和判斷(duan)停(ting)、送電(dian)的(de)作用(yong)。     

開(kai)閉所、配電(dian)箱、變(bian)電(dian)所、配電(dian)所、變(bian)電(dian)站怎(zen)么區別 

開閉所一般(ban)2路電(dian)(dian)(dian)源，轉供容(rong)量8000KW左右，向地塊或(huo)區域(yu)的變(bian)(bian)配電(dian)(dian)(dian)室提供中壓(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源。 變(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)所顧名思義就是變(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，主(zhu)要是中壓(ya)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)提供低(di)壓(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源，變(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)也是變(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，但主(zhu)要是高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)變(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)中壓(ya)，或(huo)高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)變(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)低(di)一級高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)，變(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)占(zhan)地較大，根(gen)據(ju)不同(tong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)等級及容(rong)量不同(tong)占(zhan)地不同(tong)。 

變(bian)(bian)、配(pei)電所(suo)主要指小區或大樓(lou)等的(de)變(bian)(bian)配(pei)電間，變(bian)(bian)電所(suo)帶變(bian)(bian)壓器，配(pei)電所(suo)應不帶變(bian)(bian)壓器。 

配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)箱(xiang)如(ru)照明、動力配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)箱(xiang)等(deng)，配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)最后(hou)幾級。 配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)箱(xiang) switch box；distribution box 按電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣接(jie)線(xian)要求(qiu)將(jiang)開(kai)關(guan)設備、測量儀(yi)表、保護電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器和輔(fu)助設備組裝在封(feng)閉或(huo)(huo)半封(feng)閉金屬柜中或(huo)(huo)屏幅上，構(gou)成低(di)壓配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)裝置(zhi)。正(zheng)常(chang)運行(xing)(xing)時(shi)可(ke)借(jie)助手動或(huo)(huo)自動開(kai)關(guan)接(jie)通或(huo)(huo)分斷(duan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路。故障或(huo)(huo)不正(zheng)常(chang)運行(xing)(xing)時(shi)借(jie)助保護電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器切(qie)斷(duan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路或(huo)(huo)報警。借(jie)測量儀(yi)表可(ke)顯示(shi)運行(xing)(xing)中的各(ge)種參(can)數，還(huan)可(ke)對某些電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣參(can)數進(jin)行(xing)(xing)調整，對偏離正(zheng)常(chang)工作狀(zhuang)態進(jin)行(xing)(xing)提示(shi)或(huo)(huo)發(fa)出信號(hao)。常(chang)用(yong)于(yu)各(ge)發(fa)、配、變(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)所中。   

什么是配電(dian)箱？   

是所有用(yong)戶用(yong)電的總的一(yi)個電路(lu)分(fen)配箱.   

用途是(shi)什么？   

便于管理,當(dang)發生電路故障時(shi)有利于檢修.   

配電(dian)箱和(he)配電(dian)柜、配電(dian)盤、配電(dian)憑等，是集中安(an)裝開關、儀(yi)表等設備的成(cheng)套裝置。   常(chang)用(yong)的配電(dian)箱有木制和(he)鐵(tie)(tie)板(ban)制兩種，現在哪兒的用(yong)電(dian)量都挺大的，所以還是鐵(tie)(tie)的用(yong)的比較(jiao)多(duo)。   

用途：停、送電，起到計(ji)量和判斷停、送電的(de)作用。 

變(bian)電(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(Substation）是(shi)把一些設備(bei)組裝(zhuang)起(qi)來，用(yong)以切斷或(huo)接通(tong)、改變(bian)或(huo)者調整(zheng)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)，在電(dian)(dian)力系統(tong)中，變(bian)電(dian)(dian)站(zhan)是(shi)輸電(dian)(dian)和配電(dian)(dian)的集結點，變(bian)電(dian)(dian)站(zhan)主要分(fen)為：升(sheng)壓(ya)變(bian)電(dian)(dian)站(zhan)，主網變(bian)電(dian)(dian)站(zhan)，二次變(bian)電(dian)(dian)站(zhan)，配電(dian)(dian)站(zhan)。  

變(bian)電(dian)站(zhan)是電(dian)力(li)系統中變(bian)換電(dian)壓(ya)、接受和(he)分配電(dian)能、控制(zhi)電(dian)力(li)的(de)(de)流向和(he)調整電(dian)壓(ya)的(de)(de)電(dian)力(li)設施，它通(tong)(tong)過其變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)將(jiang)各(ge)級電(dian)壓(ya)的(de)(de)電(dian)網聯(lian)系起(qi)來。   變(bian)電(dian)站(zhan)起(qi)變(bian)換電(dian)壓(ya)作用的(de)(de)設備是變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)，除此之(zhi)外，變(bian)電(dian)站(zhan)的(de)(de)設備還有(you)開閉(bi)電(dian)路的(de)(de)開關設備，匯集電(dian)流的(de)(de)母線，計(ji)量和(he)控制(zhi)用互感器(qi)、儀表(biao)、繼(ji)電(dian)保(bao)護裝置和(he)防雷(lei)保(bao)護裝置、調度通(tong)(tong)信裝置等，有(you)的(de)(de)變(bian)電(dian)站(zhan)還有(you)無(wu)功補償設備。 變(bian)電(dian)站(zhan)的(de)(de)主要設備和(he)連接方式，按其功能不同而有(you)差異(yi)。   

變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器是變(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)站的(de)(de)主要設備，分為雙繞(rao)(rao)組(zu)(zu)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器、三繞(rao)(rao)組(zu)(zu)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器和自(zi)耦(ou)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器即(ji)高、低(di)(di)壓(ya)每相(xiang)共用一個繞(rao)(rao)組(zu)(zu)，從高壓(ya)繞(rao)(rao)組(zu)(zu)中間抽出一個頭作為低(di)(di)壓(ya)繞(rao)(rao)組(zu)(zu)的(de)(de)出線的(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器。電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)高低(di)(di)與繞(rao)(rao)組(zu)(zu)匝數(shu)成(cheng)正(zheng)比(bi)，電(dian)(dian)流則與繞(rao)(rao)組(zu)(zu)匝數(shu)成(cheng)反比(bi)。   

變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)按其作用(yong)(yong)可分為升壓(ya)變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)和降(jiang)壓(ya)變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)。前(qian)者用(yong)(yong)于(yu)電力系統送端(duan)變(bian)電站，后者用(yong)(yong)于(yu)受端(duan)變(bian)電站。變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)的電壓(ya)需與電力系統的電壓(ya)相適應(ying)。為了在不同負荷(he)情況下保持合(he)格的電壓(ya)有時需要切換變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)的分接頭。   

按分接頭切換方式(shi)變壓(ya)器有帶負(fu)荷(he)有載(zai)調(diao)壓(ya)變壓(ya)器和無負(fu)荷(he)無載(zai)調(diao)壓(ya)變壓(ya)器。有載(zai)調(diao)壓(ya)變壓(ya)器主要用于(yu)受端變電站。   

電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)互(hu)感(gan)器和電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)互(hu)感(gan)器。它(ta)們的(de)(de)工作原理和變壓(ya)器相似，它(ta)們把高(gao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)設備(bei)(bei)和母(mu)(mu)線的(de)(de)運行(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)、大電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)即設備(bei)(bei)和母(mu)(mu)線的(de)(de)負荷或(huo)短路(lu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)按規定比例(li)變成測(ce)量儀表、繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)保(bao)護及(ji)控(kong)制(zhi)設備(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)低(di)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)和小電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)。在額定運行(xing)情況下電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)互(hu)感(gan)器二次電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)為l00V，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)互(hu)感(gan)器二次電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)為5A或(huo)1A。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)互(hu)感(gan)器的(de)(de)二次繞(rao)組經常與負荷相連近于短路(lu),請注(zhu)意:絕不能讓其開(kai)路(lu)，否(fou)則(ze)將(jiang)因(yin)高(gao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)而危及(ji)設備(bei)(bei)和人(ren)身(shen)安全或(huo)使(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)互(hu)感(gan)器燒毀(hui)。   

開(kai)(kai)關設(she)備(bei)。它包括斷(duan)路器(qi)、隔離開(kai)(kai)關、負(fu)荷開(kai)(kai)關、高壓熔(rong)斷(duan)器(qi)等都是斷(duan)開(kai)(kai)和(he)合(he)(he)上(shang)電(dian)路的設(she)備(bei)。斷(duan)路器(qi)在電(dian)力系統正常(chang)運行情況下(xia)用來合(he)(he)上(shang)和(he)斷(duan)開(kai)(kai)電(dian)路故(gu)障時(shi)在繼電(dian)保護裝置控(kong)制下(xia)自動把故(gu)障設(she)備(bei)和(he)線路斷(duan)開(kai)(kai)，還可以有自動重合(he)(he)閘功能。在我國，220kV以上(shang)變電(dian)站(zhan)使(shi)用較多的是空(kong)氣斷(duan)路器(qi)和(he)六(liu)氟化硫斷(duan)路器(qi)。   

隔(ge)離開(kai)關（刀閘(zha))的主要作用(yong)是在(zai)設備或線(xian)路(lu)檢(jian)修時隔(ge)離電壓，以保證安全。它不(bu)能(neng)斷開(kai)負荷電流和短路(lu)電流，應與斷路(lu)器配合使用(yong)。在(zai)停(ting)電時應先拉斷路(lu)器后拉隔(ge)離開(kai)關，送電時應先合隔(ge)離開(kai)關后合斷路(lu)器。如果誤操作將引起(qi)設備損壞和人身傷亡(wang)。   

負(fu)荷(he)開關能(neng)在(zai)正常運行(xing)時斷開負(fu)荷(he)電流沒有(you)斷開故障電流的(de)能(neng)力，一(yi)般與高(gao)壓(ya)熔(rong)斷絲(si)配合用于10kV及(ji)以上電壓(ya)且(qie)不(bu)經(jing)常操(cao)作的(de)變壓(ya)器(qi)或出(chu)線上。   

為(wei)了減少變電(dian)(dian)站(zhan)的(de)占(zhan)地面(mian)積近年(nian)來積極發(fa)展(zhan)六(liu)氟化(hua)硫全封(feng)閉組(zu)合電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(GIS)。它(ta)把斷路器(qi)、隔離開關、母線、接地開關、互感器(qi)、出(chu)線套管或(huo)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)終端頭等分別(bie)裝在各(ge)自密(mi)封(feng)間中集中組(zu)成一(yi)個整體(ti)外殼充以(yi)六(liu)氟化(hua)硫氣體(ti)作為(wei)絕緣介質。這種組(zu)合電(dian)(dian)器(qi)具有(you)結(jie)構緊湊體(ti)積小(xiao)重量輕不受大(da)氣條件影響，檢(jian)修間隔長，無(wu)觸(chu)電(dian)(dian)事故和(he)電(dian)(dian)噪(zao)聲干擾等優點(dian)，具有(you)發(fa)展(zhan)前765kV已在變電(dian)(dian)站(zhan)投人運行(xing)。目(mu)前，它(ta)的(de)缺點(dian)是價格(ge)貴，制造和(he)檢(jian)修工藝要求(qiu)高。   

變電(dian)站還裝有防雷(lei)設(she)備(bei)，主(zhu)要有避(bi)雷(lei)針(zhen)和(he)避(bi)雷(lei)器(qi)。避(bi)雷(lei)針(zhen)是(shi)為了防止變電(dian)站遭受直接雷(lei)擊將雷(lei)電(dian)對(dui)其自(zi)身放(fang)電(dian)把(ba)雷(lei)電(dian)流引(yin)入大(da)地(di)。在變電(dian)站附近(jin)的線路上落雷(lei)時雷(lei)電(dian)波會沿導線進入變電(dian)站，產生過(guo)電(dian)壓(ya)。另(ling)外(wai)，斷路器(qi)操作等也會引(yin)起(qi)過(guo)電(dian)壓(ya)。避(bi)雷(lei)器(qi)的作用是(shi)當過(guo)電(dian)壓(ya)超過(guo)一(yi)定限值時，自(zi)動對(dui)地(di)放(fang)電(dian)降低電(dian)壓(ya)保護設(she)備(bei)放(fang)電(dian)后又迅速自(zi)動滅弧，保證系統(tong)正常運行。目前，使用最多的是(shi)氧化鋅(xin)避(bi)雷(lei)器(qi)。